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<math>s^2_{\epsilon i} </math> is divided by the factor <math>\frac{n}{2} </math>, because the variance of the sample mean (intensities of the merged observations) is the quantity of interest. The division by '''n/2''' takes care of providing the variance of the mean ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_mean_and_covariance#Variance_of_the_sample_mean ]) (merged) intensity of the '''half'''-datasets, as defined in [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3457925/ Karplus and Diederichs (2012)]. These "variances of means" are averaged over all unique reflections of the resolution shell: | <math>s^2_{\epsilon i} </math> is divided by the factor <math>\frac{n}{2} </math>, because the variance of the sample mean (intensities of the merged observations) is the quantity of interest. The division by '''n/2''' takes care of providing the variance of the mean ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_mean_and_covariance#Variance_of_the_sample_mean ]) (merged) intensity of the '''half'''-datasets, as defined in [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3457925/ Karplus and Diederichs (2012)]. These "variances of means" are averaged over all unique reflections of the resolution shell: | ||
<math> | <math>s^2_{\epsilon}=\sum^N_{i} s^2_{\epsilon i} / N </math> | ||